{"id":1122,"date":"2021-05-23T11:23:44","date_gmt":"2021-05-23T11:23:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dlf.uzh.ch\/sites\/camposanto\/?p=1122"},"modified":"2021-05-31T06:27:36","modified_gmt":"2021-05-31T06:27:36","slug":"don-fadrique-enriquez-de-ribera-1476-1539-el-viaje-a-jerusalen-c-1518-1520","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dlf.uzh.ch\/sites\/camposanto\/don-fadrique-enriquez-de-ribera-1476-1539-el-viaje-a-jerusalen-c-1518-1520\/","title":{"rendered":"Don Fadrique Enr\u00edquez de Ribera (1476-1539), El Viaje a Jerusal\u00e9n<\/em> (c. 1518-1520)"},"content":{"rendered":"
[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]Sevillan Don Fadrique Enr\u00edquez de Ribera was Marquis of Tarifa, Governor of Andalusia, Lord of Bornos, as well as proprietor of Ribera and Alcal\u00e1 de los Gazules. His socio-political position among the Andalusian elite was thanks to his descent from an old Castilian line, his marriage to Beatriz and later Catalina Ribera, and his kinship with the new Catholic crown. In 1518, he undertook a pilgrimage to Jerusalem. Since journeys of this sort involved certain risks, they were not a typical undertaking for Spanish nobles of the era. Thus, it must have been a journey of particular significance. While the marquis\u2019s motives for the journey cannot be known with certainty, his travel manuscript reveals not only his religious interests but also an urge to explore and to educate. On his way back from Jerusalem, he visited various cities in Italy; among them was the city of Pisa. We focus on the passages in which he discusses the sights of Pisa. Don Fadrique Enr\u00edquez de Ribera makes a connection between the Camposanto and the Akeldama, a Christian pilgrimage cemetery in Jerusalem.[1]<\/a>\u00a0\/ AK<\/em><\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> Manuel Gonz\u00e1lez Jim\u00e9nez: Biograf\u00eda de Don Fadrique Enr\u00edquez de Ribera, in: Paisajes de la tierra prometida. El viaje a Jerusal\u00e9n de Don Fadrique Enr\u00edquez de Ribera<\/em>, ed. Pedro Garc\u00eda Mart\u00edn, Carlos Mart\u00ednez Shaw, Manuel Gonz\u00e1lez Jim\u00e9nez, Vicente Lleo Ca\u00f1al, Vi\u00e7enc Beltran und Ma<\/sup> del Carmen \u00c1lvarez M\u00e1rquez, Madrid 2001, 79\u201398.<\/span><\/p>\n

rivera<\/a><\/div><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Source:<\/strong> Published Manuscript, Madrid, Biblioteca Nacional de Espa\u00f1a, Manuscrito Fadrique\u00f1o, ms. 9355, fol. 97r-98r, 236r-240r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Edition:<\/strong> Garc\u00eda Mart\u00edn 2001: Pedro Garc\u00eda Mart\u00edn (Ed.), Paisajes de la Tierra Prometida. El Viaje a Jerusal\u00e9n de Don Fadrique Enriqu\u00e9z de Ribera<\/em>, Madrid 2001.<\/span>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=”1\/2″][vc_column_text]\n

Transcription<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cEste d\u00eda, lunes en la tarde, ocho de agosto, fuemos a visitar las estaciones siguientes, que est\u00e1n fuera y cerca de Jerusal\u00e9n:<\/p>\n

Primeramente el Campo de la Sangre, que llaman Archidemac, que fue comprado por los treynta dineros, que es vna cassa cerrada con tres paredes arrimadas a vna pe\u00f1a, que tiene nueue bocas como silos y quando algunas de las naciones de christianos mueren m\u00e9tenlos all\u00ed dentro con vn cordel. Tiene de hondura siete estados, poco m\u00e1s o menos, y de largo, con la gordura de las paredes, veynte y quatro varas de medir y de ancho diez y siete con la gordura de las paredes, esto est\u00e1 enfrente del Monesterio de Monte Si\u00f3n. Dizen que estas paredes hizieron los pisanos quando se\u00f1orearon esta tierra, y aqu\u00ed encima bien alto est\u00e1 vna casa que llaman del Mal Consejo, adonde los jud\u00edos salieron a concertar con Judas la prisi\u00f3n de Nuestro Se\u00f1or y lo que le av\u00edan de dar. Nos subimos arriba a vella y tanbi\u00e9n la vi desde la huerta del Monasterio de Monte Si\u00f3n, adonde el Guardi\u00e1n me mostr\u00f3 vna \u00e7ar\u00e7a como la de Moys\u00e9n, que la ra\u00fdz truxeron de all\u00e1.<\/p>\n

M\u00e1s abaxo de Archidimac visitamos la cueua de Sant Pedro, en que acab\u00f3 de hazer su penitencia, porque aqu\u00ed abajo va el Valle de Silo\u00e9. M\u00e1s abaxo vn poco desta ladera hazia Val de Silo\u00e9 est\u00e1 una cueua con muchos apartamientos e vnos poyos en entrando, adonde dizen que los ap\u00f3stoles se escondieron quando la Passi\u00f3n.\u201d (97v-98v).<\/p>\n

\u201cQuatro millas atr\u00e1s est\u00e1 vn lugar de adonde hera Juan Vocacio que se llama [espacio en blanco] que es tierra de Florencia. Otro d\u00eda, jueues, venimos a Puterol a comer y a Pissa a cenar, veynte e ocho millas.<\/p>\n

Sol\u00eda ser antes esta ciudad vna de las se\u00f1or\u00edas principales de Ytalia y que vn tiempo se\u00f1ore\u00f3 a Ierusal\u00e9n, que oy d\u00eda est\u00e1 all\u00ed vna fortaleza que llaman Castil de Pisanos, y todo lo dem\u00e1s en que se occuparon en se\u00f1orear fue en Verber\u00eda y en yslas. Armauan ciento e sesenta galeas y las ciento del cuerpo de la ciudad. Estauan tan proue\u00fddos que al toque de vna trompeta cada vno ven\u00eda con su aperejo. Ten\u00edan por costumbre que si los nau\u00edos que pasauan por Liorna, que es el puerto de aquella ciudad, no la saludauan, de echallos a fondo. E vna vez yendo ciertos nav\u00edos de personas ecclesi\u00e1sticas embiadas por el Papa a Jerusal\u00e9n a suplicaci\u00f3n dellas para administrar los sacramentos, porque no saludaron a Liorna tiraron el artiller\u00eda ech\u00e1ronlos a fondo, y por esto los descomulg\u00f3 el Papa, que fuesen sieruos de sus sieruos.\u201d (235v-236v).<\/p>\n

Lo qual, despu\u00e9s de mucho tiempo, absolui\u00f3 por enga\u00f1o que hizieron en cierta moneda de oro e plata, en que la vna parte pusieron a Nuestra Se\u00f1ora con su Hijo e en la otra vna cruz, de lo qual mostr\u00f3 vno mucha cantidad della al Papa y como la vio dixo que fuese bendicta la tierra adonde se hizo y dix\u00e9ronle como hera de Pissa y retificolo, despu\u00e9s cumpliose bien lo que dixo porque Florencia y Sena heran sus tributarias y Luca ten\u00eda cargo de barrer las calles de Pissa cada s\u00e1bado.\u201d (236v-237r).<\/p>\n

\n

En la misma ciudad se parece lo que fue, avnque est\u00e1 muy destruyda; tiene el mejor sitio que ninguna ciudad e Ytalia; tiene hazia la parte de Sena muy grand\u00edssima campi\u00f1a y hazia Liorna quinze millas de llano hasta junto a la mar e a vn r\u00edo que passa por medio que va a dar a la mar; hazia la parte de Luca tiene mucha arboleda y monta\u00f1a; tiene vna yglesia muy buena e vna capilla do baptizan qua llaman de [\u2026]\u201d (238r).<\/p>\n

\n

\u201c[\u2026] Sant Juan, mucho mejor que la de Florencia. Tiene all\u00ed junto vn ciminterio que es como vn cuerpo de casa, con quatro corredores muy grandes con su patio, todo lleno de tierra del Campo Sancto de Jerisal\u00e9n, que llaman Archedemach, que no dura el cuerpo de gastarse si no tres d\u00edas; est\u00e1 todo enlosado y las paredes muy bien pintadas y de fuera todo con losas, que de su manera no ay otro en Ytalia, adonde se entierran los m\u00e1s de la ciudad, y ll\u00e1mase el Campo Sancto. A la puerta de la yglesia est\u00e1 vna figura de m\u00e1rmol que dizen que es el proprio de la de Dauid, que fue tra\u00fdda de Jerusal\u00e9m.\u00a0En la sacrist\u00eda, que esta fuera de la yglesia ay vna olla peque\u00f1a de p\u00f3rfido, que podr\u00e1 caber vn c\u00e1ntaro de agua, con dos assas que fue de las de architiclino e [\u2026]\u201d (238r-238v).<\/p>\n

\n

\u201c[\u2026] vna piedra con tres gotas de sangre, que dizen que hera de vna yglesia que est\u00e1 camino de Liorna, que cada a\u00f1o Sant Clemeynte dez\u00eda all\u00ed vna missa porque Sant Pedro se lo rog\u00f3 quando muri\u00f3, la qual edifici\u00f3. Ven\u00eda por Esp\u00edritu Sancto a dezilla y, estando en Roma en la yglesia en el officio de la missa al tiempo del consumir, acord\u00f3sele que se av\u00eda oluidado de yr y transportose y etuuo grand rato, pregunt\u00e1ronle que av\u00eda sido, dixo que av\u00eda venido all\u00ed y que por se\u00f1as hallar\u00edan tres o quatro gotas de sangre en vna piedra, la qual yo vi con ellas y bien coloradas. Ay otras reliquias muchas.<\/p>\n

\n

Ay en vna yglesia vna espina de las con que coronaron a Nuestro Se\u00f1or que dizen que el emperador Maximiliano la lleu\u00f3 de all\u00ed y se torn\u00f3, y en otro monesterio de Sant Benito est\u00e1 otra jarra de m\u00e1rmol blanco que tambi\u00e9n dizen que es de las de Architiclino. Tiene una torre la yglesia toda de m\u00e1rmol de dentro y de alrrededor vnos corredores, vnos sobre otros sobre m\u00e1rmoles peque\u00f1os delgados con vnos andenes cubiertos a la redonda desde abaxo hasta arriba, y est\u00e1 acostada cinco varas menos tercia, que desbiado della parece que se va a caer.\u201d (138v-239v).<\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/2″][vc_column_text]\n

Translation<\/strong><\/p>\n

On this day, Monday evening, the 8th<\/sup> of August, we went to visit the following stations which are outside and near Jerusalem:<\/p>\n

Firstly, the Field of Blood, which they call Archidemac, which was bought for thirty coins, which is an enclosed house with three walls facing a rock which has nine mouths like Silos, and when some of the Christian nations die, they put them in there with a cord. It is seven stadiums deep, a little more or less, and twenty-four cubits long including the thickness of the walls and seventeen wide including the thickness of the walls, this is in front of the Monastery of Monte Si\u00f3n.<\/p>\n

They say that these walls were built by the Pisans when they ruled this land, and up here, high up, is a house which they call Bad Council, where the Jews went to arrange with Judas the imprisonment of Our Lord and what had to be given to Him. We went up there and we also saw it from the orchard of the Monastery of Monte Si\u00f3n, where the guard showed me an ark like that of Moses which they brought from there.<\/p>\n

Further down from Archidemac we visited the cave of Saint Peter, where he finished his penance, because down here is the valley of Siloam. A bit further down this hill towards the valley of Siloam there is a cave with a lot of sections and a few stone benches at the entrance, where the Apostles are said to have been hiding when the Passion took place.<\/p>\n

\n

Four miles back there is a place where Juan Vocacio, who was called [white gap], was from; this is the land of Florence. On another day, Thursday, we came to Puterol to eat and to Pisa to dine, twenty-eight miles. This city used to be one of the principle realms of Italy and ruled Jerusalem for a period of time, and today there is a fortress there which they call Castil de Pisanos, and everything else that they were occupied in ruling was in Verberia and in the islands. They armed a hundred and seventy galleys and a hundred of the body of the city. They were so well armed that at the sound of a trumpet, each one came with his own crew. They had a custom of sinking ships passing by Liorna, which was the port of the city, instead of saluting them. And once when certain ships with ecclesiastics sent by the Pope to Jerusalem to administer the sacraments, because they did not salute Liorna, they threw the artillery at them, sinking them to the ground; for this the Pope condemned them, because they were the servants of his servants.<\/p>\n

\n

Which, after a long time, he exonerated of deception, as they made a certain coin of gold and silver, in which on one side they put Our Lady with her Son and in the other a cross, of which he showed a large quantity to the Pope, and when he saw it he said that the land where it was made should be blessed and as they told him it was Pisa and as he confirmed it, then what he said was well fulfilled, because Florence and Siena were his tributaries and Lucca was in charge of sweeping the streets of Pisa every Saturday.<\/p>\n

\n

In the same city it resembles what it used to be, even though it was very much destroyed; it has the best location of any city in Italy; it has in the area of Siena very wide arable land and towards Liorna fifteen miles of plain just up to the sea and up to a river that passes through the middle that goes to the sea; the area of Lucca has a lot of trees and mountains; it has a very good church and a chapel for baptism which they call [\u2026]\n

\n

[\u2026] Saint Juan, much better than the one in Florence. Next to it there is a cemetery which is like a body of a house, with four very big corridors with a courtyard, all full of land from the Campo Sancto of Jerusalem, which is called Archidemach, [where] the body doesn\u2019t last three days before it is decomposed; it is all tiled and the walls are very well painted and the outside is covered with tiles unlike any other in Italy, where they bury most of the people of the city and it is called Campo Sancto. At the door of the church there is a marble figure which is said to be owned by David, which was brought from Jerusalem. In the sacristy, which is outside the church, there is a small porphyry pot, which can hold a jar of water, with two architiclic handles [\u2026]\n

\n

[\u2026] one stone with three drops of blood, which is from a church which is on the way to Liorna, where Saint Clementine said Mass every year because that is what Saint Peter begged him to do when he died, which he built. He came by the Holy Spirit to the village and, being in Rome in the church in the building of the Mass at time of consummation, he remembered that had forgotten to go and he went and stayed for a long while; they asked him what happened, he said he came there and according to the signs there would be three or four drops of blood on a stone, which I saw with them and it was well coloured. There are many other relics.<\/p>\n

\n

There is a thorn in a church with which they crowned Our Lord that is said to have been brought by the Emperor Maximilian and returned, and in another monastery of Saint Benedict there is another white marble jar which is also said to be one of those from Architiclinus. The church has a tower made entirely of marble on the inside and around it there are corridors, one on top of the other on small thin marbles with covered terraces against the rotunda from the bottom up to the top, and it is laid down five bars less than a third, so that it looks as if it were going to fall down when it is uncovered.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]Sevillan Don Fadrique Enr\u00edquez de Ribera was Marquis of Tarifa, Governor of Andalusia, Lord of Bornos, as well as proprietor of Ribera and Alcal\u00e1 de los Gazules. His socio-political position among the Andalusian elite was thanks to his descent from an old Castilian line, his marriage to Beatriz and later Catalina Ribera, and his kinship […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":541,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13,30,28,23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1122","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-16th-century","category-pilgrimage-account","category-spanish","category-travel-account"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dlf.uzh.ch\/sites\/camposanto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1122","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dlf.uzh.ch\/sites\/camposanto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dlf.uzh.ch\/sites\/camposanto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dlf.uzh.ch\/sites\/camposanto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/541"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dlf.uzh.ch\/sites\/camposanto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1122"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/dlf.uzh.ch\/sites\/camposanto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1122\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1404,"href":"https:\/\/dlf.uzh.ch\/sites\/camposanto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1122\/revisions\/1404"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dlf.uzh.ch\/sites\/camposanto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1122"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dlf.uzh.ch\/sites\/camposanto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1122"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dlf.uzh.ch\/sites\/camposanto\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1122"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}